Pandas Profiling Report

Dataset statistics

Number of variables	12
Number of observations	782
Missing cells	314
Missing cells (%)	3.3%
Duplicate rows	0
Duplicate rows (%)	0.0%
Total size in memory	73.4 KiB
Average record size in memory	96.2 B

Variable types

Categorical	3
Numeric	9

Warnings

`country_mapped` has a high cardinality: 164 distinct values	High cardinality
`rank` is highly correlated with `score` and 4 other fields	High correlation
`score` is highly correlated with `rank` and 4 other fields	High correlation
`gdp_pc` is highly correlated with `rank` and 3 other fields	High correlation
`family` is highly correlated with `rank` and 3 other fields	High correlation
`health` is highly correlated with `rank` and 3 other fields	High correlation
`freedom` is highly correlated with `rank` and 1 other fields	High correlation
`rank` is highly correlated with `score` and 4 other fields	High correlation
`score` is highly correlated with `rank` and 4 other fields	High correlation
`gdp_pc` is highly correlated with `rank` and 3 other fields	High correlation
`family` is highly correlated with `rank` and 3 other fields	High correlation
`health` is highly correlated with `rank` and 3 other fields	High correlation
`freedom` is highly correlated with `rank` and 1 other fields	High correlation
`rank` is highly correlated with `score` and 2 other fields	High correlation
`score` is highly correlated with `rank` and 2 other fields	High correlation
`gdp_pc` is highly correlated with `rank` and 2 other fields	High correlation
`health` is highly correlated with `rank` and 2 other fields	High correlation
`region` is highly correlated with `rank` and 6 other fields	High correlation
`rank` is highly correlated with `region` and 6 other fields	High correlation
`freedom` is highly correlated with `region` and 3 other fields	High correlation
`health` is highly correlated with `region` and 4 other fields	High correlation
`trust` is highly correlated with `region` and 3 other fields	High correlation
`dystopia` is highly correlated with `score`	High correlation
`year` is highly correlated with `family`	High correlation
`score` is highly correlated with `region` and 7 other fields	High correlation
`family` is highly correlated with `region` and 5 other fields	High correlation
`gdp_pc` is highly correlated with `region` and 4 other fields	High correlation
`dystopia` has 312 (39.9%) missing values	Missing
`country_mapped` is uniformly distributed	Uniform
`year` is uniformly distributed	Uniform
`rank` is uniformly distributed	Uniform

Reproduction

Analysis started	2021-08-22 19:56:18.079042
Analysis finished	2021-08-22 19:56:34.240794
Duration	16.16 seconds
Software version	pandas-profiling v3.0.0
Download configuration	config.json

country_mapped
Categorical

HIGH CARDINALITY
UNIFORM

Distinct	164
Distinct (%)	21.0%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	6.2 KiB

Afghanistan	5
Norway	5
Nepal	5
Netherlands	5
New Zealand	5
Other values (159)	757

Length

Max length	24
Median length	7
Mean length	8.164961637
Min length	4

Characters and Unicode

Total characters	6385
Distinct characters	53
Distinct categories	5 ?
Distinct scripts	2 ?
Distinct blocks	1 ?

The Unicode Standard assigns character properties to each code point, which can be used to analyse textual variables.

Unique

Unique	4 ?
Unique (%)	0.5%

Sample

1st row	Afghanistan
2nd row	Afghanistan
3rd row	Afghanistan
4th row	Afghanistan
5th row	Afghanistan

Common Values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Afghanistan	5	0.6%
Norway	5	0.6%
Nepal	5	0.6%
Netherlands	5	0.6%
New Zealand	5	0.6%
Nicaragua	5	0.6%
Niger	5	0.6%
Nigeria	5	0.6%
North Cyprus	5	0.6%
Pakistan	5	0.6%
Other values (154)	732	93.6%

Length

Histogram of lengths of the category

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
united	15	1.6%
republic	14	1.5%
south	14	1.5%
cyprus	10	1.1%
and	10	1.1%
congo	10	1.1%
sudan	8	0.9%
territories	5	0.5%
nigeria	5	0.5%
north	5	0.5%
Other values (174)	826	89.6%

Most occurring characters

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
a	1002	15.7%
i	564	8.8%
n	514	8.1%
e	412	6.5%
r	374	5.9%
o	364	5.7%
l	235	3.7%
t	234	3.7%
u	219	3.4%
s	196	3.1%
Other values (43)	2271	35.6%

Most occurring categories

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Lowercase Letter	5313	83.2%
Uppercase Letter	912	14.3%
Space Separator	140	2.2%
Open Punctuation	10	0.2%
Close Punctuation	10	0.2%

Most frequent character per category

Lowercase Letter

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
a	1002	18.9%
i	564	10.6%
n	514	9.7%
e	412	7.8%
r	374	7.0%
o	364	6.9%
l	235	4.4%
t	234	4.4%
u	219	4.1%
s	196	3.7%
Other values (16)	1199	22.6%

Uppercase Letter

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
S	102	11.2%
C	82	9.0%
M	74	8.1%
B	73	8.0%
A	63	6.9%
T	55	6.0%
L	48	5.3%
K	45	4.9%
I	45	4.9%
N	44	4.8%
Other values (14)	281	30.8%

Space Separator

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
	140	100.0%

Open Punctuation

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
(	10	100.0%

Close Punctuation

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
)	10	100.0%

Most occurring scripts

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Latin	6225	97.5%
Common	160	2.5%

Most frequent character per script

Latin

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
a	1002	16.1%
i	564	9.1%
n	514	8.3%
e	412	6.6%
r	374	6.0%
o	364	5.8%
l	235	3.8%
t	234	3.8%
u	219	3.5%
s	196	3.1%
Other values (40)	2111	33.9%

Common

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
	140	87.5%
(	10	6.2%
)	10	6.2%

Most occurring blocks

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
ASCII	6385	100.0%

Most frequent character per block

ASCII

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
a	1002	15.7%
i	564	8.8%
n	514	8.1%
e	412	6.5%
r	374	5.9%
o	364	5.7%
l	235	3.7%
t	234	3.7%
u	219	3.4%
s	196	3.1%
Other values (43)	2271	35.6%

region
Categorical

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	10
Distinct (%)	1.3%
Missing	1
Missing (%)	0.1%
Memory size	6.2 KiB

Sub-Saharan Africa	195
Central and Eastern Europe	145
Latin America and Caribbean	111
Western Europe	105
Middle East and Northern Africa	96
Other values (5)	129

Length

Max length	31
Median length	18
Mean length	21.33930858
Min length	12

Characters and Unicode

Total characters	16666
Distinct characters	29
Distinct categories	4 ?
Distinct scripts	2 ?
Distinct blocks	1 ?

The Unicode Standard assigns character properties to each code point, which can be used to analyse textual variables.

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Sample

1st row	Southern Asia
2nd row	Southern Asia
3rd row	Southern Asia
4th row	Southern Asia
5th row	Southern Asia

Common Values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Sub-Saharan Africa	195	24.9%
Central and Eastern Europe	145	18.5%
Latin America and Caribbean	111	14.2%
Western Europe	105	13.4%
Middle East and Northern Africa	96	12.3%
Southeastern Asia	44	5.6%
Southern Asia	35	4.5%
Eastern Asia	30	3.8%
Australia and New Zealand	10	1.3%
North America	10	1.3%
(Missing)	1	0.1%

Length

Histogram of lengths of the category

Pie chart

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
and	362	15.2%
africa	291	12.2%
europe	250	10.5%
sub-saharan	195	8.2%
eastern	175	7.3%
central	145	6.1%
america	121	5.1%
latin	111	4.7%
caribbean	111	4.7%
asia	109	4.6%
Other values (10)	512	21.5%

Most occurring characters

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
a	2301	13.8%
r	1684	10.1%
	1601	9.6%
n	1389	8.3%
e	1347	8.1%
t	871	5.2%
i	849	5.1%
d	564	3.4%
s	539	3.2%
u	534	3.2%
Other values (19)	4987	29.9%

Most occurring categories

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Lowercase Letter	12655	75.9%
Uppercase Letter	2215	13.3%
Space Separator	1601	9.6%
Dash Punctuation	195	1.2%

Most frequent character per category

Lowercase Letter

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
a	2301	18.2%
r	1684	13.3%
n	1389	11.0%
e	1347	10.6%
t	871	6.9%
i	849	6.7%
d	564	4.5%
s	539	4.3%
u	534	4.2%
o	435	3.4%
Other values (8)	2142	16.9%

Uppercase Letter

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
A	531	24.0%
E	521	23.5%
S	469	21.2%
C	256	11.6%
N	116	5.2%
L	111	5.0%
W	105	4.7%
M	96	4.3%
Z	10	0.5%

Space Separator

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
	1601	100.0%

Dash Punctuation

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
-	195	100.0%

Most occurring scripts

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Latin	14870	89.2%
Common	1796	10.8%

Most frequent character per script

Latin

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
a	2301	15.5%
r	1684	11.3%
n	1389	9.3%
e	1347	9.1%
t	871	5.9%
i	849	5.7%
d	564	3.8%
s	539	3.6%
u	534	3.6%
A	531	3.6%
Other values (17)	4261	28.7%

Common

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
	1601	89.1%
-	195	10.9%

Most occurring blocks

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
ASCII	16666	100.0%

Most frequent character per block

ASCII

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
a	2301	13.8%
r	1684	10.1%
	1601	9.6%
n	1389	8.3%
e	1347	8.1%
t	871	5.2%
i	849	5.1%
d	564	3.4%
s	539	3.2%
u	534	3.2%
Other values (19)	4987	29.9%

year
Categorical

HIGH CORRELATION
UNIFORM

Distinct	5
Distinct (%)	0.6%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	6.2 KiB

2015	158
2016	157
2018	156
2019	156
2017	155

Length

Max length	4
Median length	4
Mean length	4
Min length	4

Characters and Unicode

Total characters	3128
Distinct characters	8
Distinct categories	1 ?
Distinct scripts	1 ?
Distinct blocks	1 ?

The Unicode Standard assigns character properties to each code point, which can be used to analyse textual variables.

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Sample

1st row	2015
2nd row	2016
3rd row	2017
4th row	2018
5th row	2019

Common Values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2015	158	20.2%
2016	157	20.1%
2018	156	19.9%
2019	156	19.9%
2017	155	19.8%

Length

Histogram of lengths of the category

Pie chart

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2015	158	20.2%
2016	157	20.1%
2018	156	19.9%
2019	156	19.9%
2017	155	19.8%

Most occurring characters

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2	782	25.0%
0	782	25.0%
1	782	25.0%
5	158	5.1%
6	157	5.0%
8	156	5.0%
9	156	5.0%
7	155	5.0%

Most occurring categories

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Decimal Number	3128	100.0%

Most frequent character per category

Decimal Number

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2	782	25.0%
0	782	25.0%
1	782	25.0%
5	158	5.1%
6	157	5.0%
8	156	5.0%
9	156	5.0%
7	155	5.0%

Most occurring scripts

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Common	3128	100.0%

Most frequent character per script

Common

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2	782	25.0%
0	782	25.0%
1	782	25.0%
5	158	5.1%
6	157	5.0%
8	156	5.0%
9	156	5.0%
7	155	5.0%

Most occurring blocks

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
ASCII	3128	100.0%

Most frequent character per block

ASCII

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2	782	25.0%
0	782	25.0%
1	782	25.0%
5	158	5.1%
6	157	5.0%
8	156	5.0%
9	156	5.0%
7	155	5.0%

rank
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
UNIFORM

Distinct	158
Distinct (%)	20.2%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	78.69820972

Minimum	1
Maximum	158
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	6.2 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	1
5-th percentile	8.05
Q1	40
median	79
Q3	118
95-th percentile	149
Maximum	158
Range	157
Interquartile range (IQR)	78

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	45.18238438
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.5741221375
Kurtosis	-1.199701126
Mean	78.69820972
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	39
Skewness	0.0004973514565
Sum	61542
Variance	2041.447859
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
34	6	0.8%
145	6	0.8%
82	6	0.8%
57	6	0.8%
153	5	0.6%
23	5	0.6%
14	5	0.6%
74	5	0.6%
77	5	0.6%
75	5	0.6%
Other values (148)	728	93.1%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	5	0.6%
2	5	0.6%
3	5	0.6%
4	5	0.6%
5	5	0.6%
6	5	0.6%
7	5	0.6%
8	5	0.6%
9	5	0.6%
10	5	0.6%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
158	1	0.1%
157	2	0.3%
156	4	0.5%
155	5	0.6%
154	5	0.6%
153	5	0.6%
152	5	0.6%
151	5	0.6%
150	5	0.6%
149	5	0.6%

score
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	716
Distinct (%)	91.6%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	5.379017903

Minimum	2.693000078
Maximum	7.769
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	6.2 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	2.693000078
5-th percentile	3.58715
Q1	4.50975
median	5.322
Q3	6.1895
95-th percentile	7.31395
Maximum	7.769
Range	5.075999922
Interquartile range (IQR)	1.67975

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	1.12745646
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.2096026599
Kurtosis	-0.7610545866
Mean	5.379017903
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.846
Skewness	0.03585943327
Sum	4206.392
Variance	1.27115807
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
6.379	3	0.4%
5.835	3	0.4%
5.89	3	0.4%
5.129	3	0.4%
2.905	3	0.4%
4.35	3	0.4%
5.192	3	0.4%
6.375	3	0.4%
4.681	2	0.3%
5.743	2	0.3%
Other values (706)	754	96.4%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2.693000078	1	0.1%
2.839	1	0.1%
2.853	1	0.1%
2.904999971	1	0.1%
2.905	3	0.4%
3.006	1	0.1%
3.069	1	0.1%
3.083	2	0.3%
3.203	1	0.1%
3.231	1	0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
7.769	1	0.1%
7.632	1	0.1%
7.6	1	0.1%
7.594	1	0.1%
7.587	1	0.1%
7.561	1	0.1%
7.555	1	0.1%
7.554	1	0.1%
7.537000179	1	0.1%
7.527	1	0.1%

gdp_pc
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	742
Distinct (%)	94.9%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	0.9160474825

Minimum	0
Maximum	2.096
Zeros	5
Zeros (%)	0.6%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	6.2 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0.208797
Q1	0.6065
median	0.9822047088
Q3	1.236187109
95-th percentile	1.487882078
Maximum	2.096
Range	2.096
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.629687109

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.4073401313
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.4446714161
Kurtosis	-0.6927595054
Mean	0.9160474825
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.2998890486
Skewness	-0.3185805094
Sum	716.3491313
Variance	0.1659259826
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	5	0.6%
0.96	4	0.5%
1.34	3	0.4%
0.332	3	0.4%
1.043	2	0.3%
0.642	2	0.3%
1.301	2	0.3%
0.689	2	0.3%
1.221	2	0.3%
1.263	2	0.3%
Other values (732)	755	96.5%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	5	0.6%
0.0153	1	0.1%
0.01604	1	0.1%
0.02264318429	1	0.1%
0.024	1	0.1%
0.026	1	0.1%
0.046	1	0.1%
0.05661	1	0.1%
0.06831	1	0.1%
0.069	1	0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2.096	1	0.1%
1.870765686	1	0.1%
1.82427	1	0.1%
1.741943598	1	0.1%
1.69752	1	0.1%
1.69227767	1	0.1%
1.69042	1	0.1%
1.684	1	0.1%
1.649	1	0.1%
1.64555	1	0.1%

family
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	732
Distinct (%)	93.6%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	1.078392483

Minimum	0
Maximum	1.644
Zeros	5
Zeros (%)	0.6%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	6.2 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0.46133
Q1	0.8693625
median	1.124735
Q3	1.32725
95-th percentile	1.522
Maximum	1.644
Range	1.644
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.4578875

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.3295483193
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.305592189
Kurtosis	0.1584486833
Mean	1.078392483
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.235555
Skewness	-0.6846322898
Sum	843.3029213
Variance	0.1086020948
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	5	0.6%
1.538	3	0.4%
1.438	3	0.4%
1.465	3	0.4%
1.125	3	0.4%
1.41	3	0.4%
1.504	3	0.4%
1.319	2	0.3%
1.223	2	0.3%
1.459	2	0.3%
Other values (722)	753	96.3%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	5	0.6%
0.10419	1	0.1%
0.11037	1	0.1%
0.13995	1	0.1%
0.147	1	0.1%
0.14866	1	0.1%
0.18519	1	0.1%
0.19249	1	0.1%
0.23442	1	0.1%
0.24749	1	0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1.644	1	0.1%
1.624	1	0.1%
1.610574007	1	0.1%
1.601	1	0.1%
1.592	1	0.1%
1.59	1	0.1%
1.587	1	0.1%
1.584	1	0.1%
1.583	1	0.1%
1.582	2	0.3%

health
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	705
Distinct (%)	90.2%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	0.6124155771

Minimum	0
Maximum	1.141
Zeros	5
Zeros (%)	0.6%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	6.2 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0.1578945
Q1	0.4401825
median	0.6473095147
Q3	0.808
95-th percentile	0.954973
Maximum	1.141
Range	1.141
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.3678175

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.2483086404
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.4054577474
Kurtosis	-0.487571207
Mean	0.6124155771
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.1686446949
Skewness	-0.5012025622
Sum	478.9089813
Variance	0.06165718089
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	5	0.6%
0.999	5	0.6%
0.815	5	0.6%
0.828	4	0.5%
0.874	4	0.5%
0.884	3	0.4%
0.914	3	0.4%
0.854	3	0.4%
0.871	3	0.4%
0.861	3	0.4%
Other values (695)	744	95.1%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	5	0.6%
0.005564753897	1	0.1%
0.01	1	0.1%
0.0187726859	1	0.1%
0.03824	1	0.1%
0.04113471508	1	0.1%
0.04476	1	0.1%
0.04776	1	0.1%
0.048	1	0.1%
0.04864216968	1	0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1.141	1	0.1%
1.122	1	0.1%
1.088	1	0.1%
1.062	1	0.1%
1.052	1	0.1%
1.045	1	0.1%
1.042	2	0.3%
1.039	2	0.3%
1.036	2	0.3%
1.03	1	0.1%

freedom
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	697
Distinct (%)	89.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	0.4110908258

Minimum	0
Maximum	0.724
Zeros	5
Zeros (%)	0.6%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	6.2 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0.128096
Q1	0.3097675
median	0.431
Q3	0.531
95-th percentile	0.6308885
Maximum	0.724
Range	0.724
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.2212325

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.1528804206
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.3718896434
Kurtosis	-0.3072054061
Mean	0.4110908258
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.10948
Skewness	-0.5212591254
Sum	321.4730258
Variance	0.02337242301
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	5	0.6%
0.557	4	0.5%
0.417	3	0.4%
0.312	3	0.4%
0.356	3	0.4%
0.516	3	0.4%
0.406	3	0.4%
0.531	3	0.4%
0.508	3	0.4%
0.431	3	0.4%
Other values (687)	749	95.8%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	5	0.6%
0.00589	1	0.1%
0.01	1	0.1%
0.013	1	0.1%
0.01499585528	1	0.1%
0.016	1	0.1%
0.025	1	0.1%
0.026	1	0.1%
0.03036985733	1	0.1%
0.0432	1	0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.724	1	0.1%
0.696	1	0.1%
0.686	1	0.1%
0.683	1	0.1%
0.681	1	0.1%
0.677	1	0.1%
0.674	1	0.1%
0.66973	1	0.1%
0.669	1	0.1%
0.66557	1	0.1%

trust
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	635
Distinct (%)	81.3%
Missing	1
Missing (%)	0.1%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	0.1254356136

Minimum	0
Maximum	0.55191
Zeros	6
Zeros (%)	0.8%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	6.2 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0.018
Q1	0.054
median	0.091
Q3	0.15603
95-th percentile	0.37124
Maximum	0.55191
Range	0.55191
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.10203

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.1058164476
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.8435917404
Kurtosis	1.880108294
Mean	0.1254356136
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.04745
Skewness	1.5208882
Sum	97.9652142
Variance	0.01119712057
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.082	7	0.9%
0.028	6	0.8%
0.064	6	0.8%
0.078	6	0.8%
0	6	0.8%
0.034	6	0.8%
0.056	5	0.6%
0.074	5	0.6%
0.055	5	0.6%
0.093	5	0.6%
Other values (625)	724	92.6%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	6	0.8%
0.001	1	0.1%
0.00227	1	0.1%
0.00322	1	0.1%
0.004	1	0.1%
0.004387900699	1	0.1%
0.005	1	0.1%
0.006	3	0.4%
0.00615	1	0.1%
0.00649	1	0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.55191	1	0.1%
0.52208	1	0.1%
0.50521	1	0.1%
0.4921	1	0.1%
0.48357	1	0.1%
0.48049	1	0.1%
0.46987	1	0.1%
0.464307785	1	0.1%
0.457	1	0.1%
0.4552200139	1	0.1%

generosity
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	664
Distinct (%)	84.9%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	0.2185758416

Minimum	0
Maximum	0.838075161
Zeros	5
Zeros (%)	0.6%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	6.2 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0.05403037467
Q1	0.13
median	0.2019822115
Q3	0.2788325
95-th percentile	0.4704543383
Maximum	0.838075161
Range	0.838075161
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.1488325

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.1223207487
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.5596261135
Kurtosis	2.020258278
Mean	0.2185758416
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.07322149014
Skewness	1.044360015
Sum	170.9263081
Variance	0.01496236557
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.175	6	0.8%
0.153	5	0.6%
0.187	5	0.6%
0	5	0.6%
0.099	4	0.5%
0.083	4	0.5%
0.197	4	0.5%
0.142	3	0.4%
0.148	3	0.4%
0.185	3	0.4%
Other values (654)	740	94.6%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	5	0.6%
0.00199	1	0.1%
0.01016465668	1	0.1%
0.02025	1	0.1%
0.025	1	0.1%
0.026	2	0.3%
0.02641	1	0.1%
0.02736	1	0.1%
0.028806841	1	0.1%
0.029	1	0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.838075161	1	0.1%
0.81971	1	0.1%
0.79588	1	0.1%
0.6117045879	1	0.1%
0.598	1	0.1%
0.58696	1	0.1%
0.5763	1	0.1%
0.5747305751	1	0.1%
0.5721231103	1	0.1%
0.566	1	0.1%

dystopia
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION
MISSING

Distinct	470
Distinct (%)	100.0%
Missing	312
Missing (%)	39.9%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	2.092716638

Minimum	0.32858
Maximum	3.83772
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	6.2 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0.32858
5-th percentile	1.126492703
Q1	1.737975
median	2.09464
Q3	2.455574545
95-th percentile	3.025559
Maximum	3.83772
Range	3.50914
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.7175995455

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.5657717565
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.2703527779
Kurtosis	0.4141306299
Mean	2.092716638
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.3595132296
Skewness	-0.1216469469
Sum	983.5768199
Variance	0.3200976805
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1.9521	1	0.1%
1.59888	1	0.1%
1.878890276	1	0.1%
2.40364	1	0.1%
2.04384	1	0.1%
2.79248929	1	0.1%
3.18286	1	0.1%
3.10709	1	0.1%
2.47489	1	0.1%
2.277026653	1	0.1%
Other values (460)	460	58.8%
(Missing)	312	39.9%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.32858	1	0.1%
0.3779137135	1	0.1%
0.4193892479	1	0.1%
0.5400612354	1	0.1%
0.5546331406	1	0.1%
0.6211304665	1	0.1%
0.65429	1	0.1%
0.67042	1	0.1%
0.67108	1	0.1%
0.8143823147	1	0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
3.83772	1	0.1%
3.60214	1	0.1%
3.55906	1	0.1%
3.50733	1	0.1%
3.40904	1	0.1%
3.38007	1	0.1%
3.35168	1	0.1%
3.31029	1	0.1%
3.26001	1	0.1%
3.22134	1	0.1%

Pearson's r

The Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) is a measure of linear correlation between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative linear correlation, 0 indicating no linear correlation and 1 indicating total positive linear correlation. Furthermore, r is invariant under separate changes in location and scale of the two variables, implying that for a linear function the angle to the x-axis does not affect r.

To calculate r for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.

Spearman's ρ

The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (ρ) is a measure of monotonic correlation between two variables, and is therefore better in catching nonlinear monotonic correlations than Pearson's r. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative monotonic correlation, 0 indicating no monotonic correlation and 1 indicating total positive monotonic correlation.

To calculate ρ for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of the rank variables of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.

Kendall's τ

Similarly to Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, the Kendall rank correlation coefficient (τ) measures ordinal association between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative correlation, 0 indicating no correlation and 1 indicating total positive correlation.

To calculate τ for two variables X and Y, one determines the number of concordant and discordant pairs of observations. τ is given by the number of concordant pairs minus the discordant pairs divided by the total number of pairs.

Phik (φk)

Phik (φk) is a new and practical correlation coefficient that works consistently between categorical, ordinal and interval variables, captures non-linear dependency and reverts to the Pearson correlation coefficient in case of a bivariate normal input distribution. There is extensive documentation available here.

Cramér's V (φc)

Cramér's V is an association measure for nominal random variables. The coefficient ranges from 0 to 1, with 0 indicating independence and 1 indicating perfect association. The empirical estimators used for Cramér's V have been proved to be biased, even for large samples. We use a bias-corrected measure that has been proposed by Bergsma in 2013 that can be found here.

A simple visualization of nullity by column.

Nullity matrix is a data-dense display which lets you quickly visually pick out patterns in data completion.

The correlation heatmap measures nullity correlation: how strongly the presence or absence of one variable affects the presence of another.

The dendrogram allows you to more fully correlate variable completion, revealing trends deeper than the pairwise ones visible in the correlation heatmap.

First rows

	country_mapped	region	year	rank	score	gdp_pc	family	health	freedom	trust	generosity	dystopia
0	Afghanistan	Southern Asia	2015	153	3.575	0.319820	0.302850	0.303350	0.234140	0.097190	0.365100	1.952100
1	Afghanistan	Southern Asia	2016	154	3.360	0.382270	0.110370	0.173440	0.164300	0.071120	0.312680	2.145580
2	Afghanistan	Southern Asia	2017	141	3.794	0.401477	0.581543	0.180747	0.106180	0.061158	0.311871	2.150801
3	Afghanistan	Southern Asia	2018	145	3.632	0.332000	0.537000	0.255000	0.085000	0.036000	0.191000	NaN
4	Afghanistan	Southern Asia	2019	154	3.203	0.350000	0.517000	0.361000	0.000000	0.025000	0.158000	NaN
5	Albania	Central and Eastern Europe	2015	95	4.959	0.878670	0.804340	0.813250	0.357330	0.064130	0.142720	1.898940
6	Albania	Central and Eastern Europe	2016	109	4.655	0.955300	0.501630	0.730070	0.318660	0.053010	0.168400	1.928160
7	Albania	Central and Eastern Europe	2017	109	4.644	0.996193	0.803685	0.731160	0.381499	0.039864	0.201313	1.490442
8	Albania	Central and Eastern Europe	2018	112	4.586	0.916000	0.817000	0.790000	0.419000	0.032000	0.149000	NaN
9	Albania	Central and Eastern Europe	2019	107	4.719	0.947000	0.848000	0.874000	0.383000	0.027000	0.178000	NaN

Last rows

	country_mapped	region	year	rank	score	gdp_pc	family	health	freedom	trust	generosity	dystopia
772	Zambia	Sub-Saharan Africa	2015	85	5.129	0.470380	0.916120	0.299240	0.488270	0.124680	0.195910	2.634300
773	Zambia	Sub-Saharan Africa	2016	106	4.795	0.612020	0.637600	0.235730	0.426620	0.114790	0.178660	2.589910
774	Zambia	Sub-Saharan Africa	2017	116	4.514	0.636407	1.003187	0.257836	0.461603	0.078214	0.249580	1.826705
775	Zambia	Sub-Saharan Africa	2018	125	4.377	0.562000	1.047000	0.295000	0.503000	0.082000	0.221000	NaN
776	Zambia	Sub-Saharan Africa	2019	138	4.107	0.578000	1.058000	0.426000	0.431000	0.087000	0.247000	NaN
777	Zimbabwe	Sub-Saharan Africa	2015	115	4.610	0.271000	1.032760	0.334750	0.258610	0.080790	0.189870	2.441910
778	Zimbabwe	Sub-Saharan Africa	2016	131	4.193	0.350410	0.714780	0.159500	0.254290	0.085820	0.185030	2.442700
779	Zimbabwe	Sub-Saharan Africa	2017	138	3.875	0.375847	1.083096	0.196764	0.336384	0.095375	0.189143	1.597970
780	Zimbabwe	Sub-Saharan Africa	2018	144	3.692	0.357000	1.094000	0.248000	0.406000	0.099000	0.132000	NaN
781	Zimbabwe	Sub-Saharan Africa	2019	146	3.663	0.366000	1.114000	0.433000	0.361000	0.089000	0.151000	NaN

Overview

Variables

Common Values

Length

Most occurring characters

Most occurring categories

Most frequent character per category

Lowercase Letter

Uppercase Letter

Space Separator

Open Punctuation

Close Punctuation

Most occurring scripts

Most frequent character per script

Latin

Common

Most occurring blocks

Most frequent character per block

ASCII

Common Values

Length

Pie chart

Most occurring characters

Most occurring categories

Most frequent character per category

Lowercase Letter

Uppercase Letter

Space Separator

Dash Punctuation

Most occurring scripts

Most frequent character per script

Latin

Common

Most occurring blocks

Most frequent character per block

ASCII

Common Values

Length

Pie chart

Most occurring characters

Most occurring categories

Most frequent character per category

Decimal Number

Most occurring scripts

Most frequent character per script

Common

Most occurring blocks

Most frequent character per block

ASCII

Interactions

Correlations

Pearson's r

Spearman's ρ

Kendall's τ

Phik (φk)

Cramér's V (φc)

Missing values

Sample

First rows

Last rows